The modern civilization is
a long procedure of evolution. Since the stone era to the present modern
digital civilization there has been many progress took place and finally we are
here as the most intelligent animal of the planet. There has been a lot of
transformation in the society; at the beginning human beings were fully
reliable on nature and also afraid of the natural disasters. But with time men
learn to use tools to overcome difficulties and learn to use the natural
resources like wood to light fire, tree to make shelter and other weapons to
hunt. Human society then learn use bronze and along with which a reformation in
the social structure brought under action. In the bronze and silver period human
were quite superstitious and during this period they tend to be overwhelmed
about all the religious matters.
In the fifteenth to
sixteenth century an enormous change could be followed in the society which was
including a great reformation in the art, literature and religious factors.
This period is also considered as, ‘renaissance’, when the power of churches
and bishops were dramatically halted through the progress of science and innovations
of technology some great personalities like Galileo, Gutenberg helped to bring
the revolution and made the people realize the ability of human beings.
The progress was not only
limited to science but it helped emerged a new dimension in the literature as
well. Writers during sixteenth century brought a new concept to the culture.
The Italian writers first emphasised on the fact that there is nothing after death
of human being, which was never regarded before then. The usual concept of the
bishop, in the church era, which mentioned human life as a curse and after
death there would be blessings of god upon us was described as a wrong ideology
in the sixteenth century. The writers of
several European countries of this era for the first time described human as
the most powerful and blessed creature of god, thus, it is our birth right to
be happy and flourish further.
This vase reformation slowly
but eventually had its profound impact on India, as result, it instilled an urge
in the mind of the citizens about the necessity of independence. British government,
who established their dominance in India around middle of seventeenth century in
1757 with a significance victory in Plassey’s battle, as a trading company,
gradually establish their power in India. Since then the British govt. Took charge and
ruled India, exploiting Indians in their own country. The first major mutiny
against the British rule initiated in 1857 through, Sepo mutiny, which gave a
clear indication of aggression among the Indians.
Primarily the outrage was
against the unfair tax demand of the rulers and compelled occupancy of land by
the British which was later on outburst with British imported materials and
forcing Indians to use those products despite of having our own flourishing manufacturing
products. This entire process pushed Indian economy to the edge of destruction
and under a huge loss. With the unfair judgement and humiliating behaviour of
the British government India gradually prepared for some national movements
from the beginning of nineteenth century.
As the process of nationalization
the first step was to forming National congress party in 1885, following some
earlier unsuccessful initiatives of making a national unit in different parts
of the country including Bengal, Bihar, Madras etc. However, the idea of
instilling the congress party was propagated by the British, as the process of
break down the anger of the citizens which were often created problems for the
British government. But very unlikely the idea of British governor, Hume,
turned out as the biggest complications for the rulers in future.
In the first twenty years
of the organization congress remained as the moderate organization. The leaders
used to believe that, British government ultimately sought to progress India’s development
and propagating the exact condition of the country British government would definitely
amend the rules for the betterment of Indians. Nevertheless, the British industrialist
were never bothered about the progress of India rather they had a great persuasion
on the British government to progress their industrialization and gaining more
profit from the British colonial India.
Thus, soon a differentiation
of opinions could be followed among the congress leaders, one of which used to support
the moderate ideas and the other in extremism. Around the first decade in nineteenth
century the extremist and the other leaders of congress party demonstrated
several movements against the British government among which in 1905 Swadesh movement
under the guidance of Mahatma Gandhi, who used to believe in non-cooperation and
non violence, was quite significant.
Following several
agitations, finally in 1947 British government was forced to leave the country
with a partition between India and Pakistan.
No comments:
Post a Comment